Standardized Tests = Standardized Students

"Socrates, oh, Socrates, the battle rages on," I said in my dream. "What battle is that, weird professor?" Socrates responded calmly. "The battle over the youths," I said in my best New Jersey-ese. "Yes, and it will continue, well, forever," Socrates said just before he took another sip of hemlock and disappeared.

Of course, this is not how we today understand our "educational crisis." We do not see it as a battle to control the hearts and minds of our youth but, rather, as an attempt to upgrade our schools so our young will be able to compete in the world economy. But there are reasons to think that our battle is a power struggle much like the one that took place in Athens a long time ago when Socrates was accused of corrupting the young.
First and foremost, it is not clear that our schools are in crisis. According to one study made by the Sandia National Laboratories in 1991, a report that the government released in 1993 to little fanfare, high school completion rates are near 90 percent, 25 percent of Americans have a bachelor's degree (the highest percentage in the world), and a larger percentage of our young received degrees in math, science, and engineering than those of our major economic competitors. Moreover, because of reforms made in the 1980s, more American high school students took four years of English and at least three years of math and science than ever before. And far more students are successfully completing Advanced Placement courses.
Does this mean that we could not do better? Of course not. And we should strive to do so. And I could even support some of what Jeff Taylor calls "the Republican education vision." I could support "tenure reform" but only if it were applied in a way that would preserve academic freedom. Besides, for all practical purposes, our politicians, especially those in the Congress, have a kind of tenure, don't they? And, of course, I would support reducing the bureaucratization of our schools. But, again, this is hardly unique to our schools. Just glance at our national government if you want to see an enveloping bureaucracy. Or even look at the Congress, which has become more and more bureaucratized in recent decades. Although Mr. Taylor does not mention teacher testing, I would support that too, but only when we test our politicians.
I would be more than willing to make up these tests and grade them. But this will never happen.
Before we jump on any bandwagon, either Republican or Democratic, we need to ask some questions. For example, if the alleged "crisis" in our schools is more fiction than fact, what is the source of our discontent with those institutions? Why do we perceive a "crisis" when there is none? Could it be that the latest "crisis" is being used to justify measures that we older Americans feel are needed to "socialize" the young, to render them fit for society in a way that demands more and more conformity?
There are reasons to entertain this possibility. More and more, we hear pleas for national standards and standardized tests to assess the worth of our schools. When I asked a class once, what would be the result of such tests, one perceptive student said, "Standardized students." Indeed! And what else is the purpose of the "reform" in Massachusetts involving the MCAS test if not to control the curriculum of the schools, to standardize that curriculum in the name of conformity?
Of course, conformity is comfortable but it is also boring and even repressive. Nor is it clear to me that conformity is or should be the goal of education. And here we come back to Socrates and his battle with Athens. Truth be told, it is the non-conformists, the agitators like Socrates, who have helped make the world what it is today. I cannot propose what reforms I would make in our schools, but whenever I watch the movie, Dead Poet's Society, in which Robin Williams plays a teacher who reminds me of Socrates, I know that much of what passes for "educational reform" today would undermine the vitality of our schools and, therewith, of our young. If we do that, it will be only a matter of time before the vitality of our society disappears as well. We would, for all practical purposes, be drinking hemlock.

Dr. L. Peter Schultz

Dr. L. Peter Schultz is an associate professor of Politics and chair of the Department of Political Science. He received his Ph.D. from Northern Illinois University and
is the author of Governing America (1997); "Congress and the Separation of Powers Today: Practice in Search of a Theory." Separation of Powers and Good Government. Ed. Bradford P. Wilson, Rowan & Littlefield (1994); and "War Power and the Constitution: Chaining the Dog of War." The American Experiment: Essays on the Theory and Practice of Liberty, Ed. Peter Lawler. Rowan & Littlefield (1994).